echinacea extract taw qhia

Xaiv thiab cais cov kuab tshuaj

Txoj kev hais txog cov kuab tshuaj no siv cov kuab tshuaj kom rho tawm cov khoom siv zoo los ntawm cov khoom siv raw, thiab cov kuab tshuaj siv yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib txuam nrog cov kuab tshuaj tawm. Tom qab cov khoom cog tiav lawm, nws muab tso rau hauv cov thawv uas tsim nyog, thiab ob peb zaugntimtshuaj hnyav ntxiv. Qhov kev rho tawm tuaj yeem nqa tau los ntawm ntsw, percolating, dai cia,ua ntsiag to,refluxing thiab nruam rho tawm.

1. Cov kev daws teeb meem ntau tau muab faib ua peb pawg:

① Dej yog qhov muaj zog polar hnyav.

VentHydrophilic organic solvent.

SolLipophilic organic solvent.

Kev xaj ntawm lipophilicity ntawm cov kuab tshuaj feem ntau yog (qhov txawv yog hydrophilicity): roj av ether> benzene> chloroform> diethyl ether> ethyl acetate> acetone> ethanol> methanol.

2. Lub polarity ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj sib xyaw

Ntau lub ncov qaum: glycosides, alkaloid, Polysaccharide, proteins, amino acids, tannins, me me molecular organic acids, hydrophilic pigments.

Tsawg polarity: pub dawb alkaloids, aglycones, cov roj volatile, roj, txhaws, macromolecular organic acids, lipophilic pigments.

3. Xaiv cov hnyav tsim nyog yog tus yuam sij rau cov kuab tshuaj lom neeg.

Cov kuab tshuaj hnyav muaj qhov siab solubility rau cov khoom xyaw nquag thiab qis solubility rau impurities.

Sol Cov kuab tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv nrog cov khoom xyaw ntawmtshuaj ntsuabkev siv tshuaj.

Cov kuab tshuaj no yuav tsum txuag, yooj yim thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb los siv. Txoj kev siv rho tawm feem ntau yog ntsw, piam,maceration ，kev ua kom zoo nkauj, rov nqus thiab tshem tawm tas li.

Yam cuam tshuam rau kev rho tawm

Tus yuam sij rau cov kuab tawm txoj kev yog xaiv cov kuab kom tsim nyog thiab txoj kev rho tawm, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem rho tawm, pulverization ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw, lub sijhawm rho tawm, thiab qhov kub thiab txias kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo.

1. Qeb kawm ntawm kev sib tsoo

Feem ntau hais lus, lub siab dua qhov pulveredcov khoom siv raw, cov tshuaj finer cov hmoov ntau dua, kev tshem tawm sai dua, nkag mus, thiab diffusion thaum lub sijhawm rho tawm, thiab qhov siab dua cov peev txheej extraction. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov hmoov no zoo heev, thaj tsam saum npoo ntawm cov hmoov me me yoglawmlojd, thiab cov nyhuv adsorption zoo dua yuav cuam tshuam rau tus nqi diffusion. Ntxiv mus, yog tias cov khoom siv raw muaj ntau ntawm cov protein thiab polysaccharidethiabnws yog pulverized dhau lawm nplua, thiab cov khoom lag luam yaj tau ntau dhau lawm, cov extract yuav ntau ua khov, thiab txawm peptoneyuav tshwm sim, cuam tshuam rau lwm txoj haujlwm. Cov qib ntawm pulverization ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw yog muaj feem xyuam rau xaiv xaiv cov kuab tshuaj thiab cov seem cog.Thaumdejyog cov kuab tshuaj los yog rho tawmrhizomethiab cag, coarse hmoov thiab plaub ya ri feem ntau siv. Thaum cov organic solvent extraction lossis cov khoom siv raw yog cov nyom tag nrho, nplooj, paj, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov hmoov nplua nyeem tuaj yeem siv.

2. Extraction sij hawm

Nrog lub sijhawm txuas ntxiv ntawm cov sijhawm rho tawm, cov peev txheej cog ntawm cov khoom xyaw cog ntxiv kom txog thaum lub siab ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm cov nroj tsuag mus txog qhov sib npaug. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua si ntawm qee cov khoom xyaw nquag yuav ua kom tsis muaj zog nrog txuas ntxiv ntawm lub sijhawm rho tawm. Yog li, nws tsis tas yuav ncua lub sijhawm rho tawm tsis tas sij hawm, thiab lub sijhawm tsim nyog rho tawm yuav tsum xaiv raws li qhov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv, qhov xwm ntawm cov cheebtsam yuav tsum tau rho tawm, thiab cov txheej txheem rho tawm.

3. Extraction kub

Feem ntau hais lus, ntau dua qhov kub tshaj tawm yog qhov ua tau zoo dua, thiab qhov ntsuas kub kom tsawg dua muaj qhov tsis txaus. Raws li qhov kub nce ntxiv, tus nqi ntawm kev tshem tawm, diffusion, thiab nkag mus ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag yuav nce, yog li cov kev ua kom zoo ntxiv yuav nce ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kub yuav tsum tsis txhob dhau dhau. Yog tias qhov ntsuas kub ntau dhau, qee qhov khoom ua kom yooj yim rhuav tshem thiab cov ntsiab lus tsis huv yuav nce. Yog li, qhov ntsuas kub kom tsim nyog yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li cov xwm txheej tiag tiag.